In recent years, the domestic bearing industry has rapidly expanded its production scale, ranking fourth in the world, with nearly 2,000 bearing companies, including more than 900 companies with sales revenues exceeding 5 million yuan, ranking first in the world. However, China's bearing industry still has problems such as low manufacturing technology level and low industry concentration, which is far from the standard of bearing power.
1. China's bearing industry has low production concentration.
Of the world's approximately $30 billion in sales, the world's eight largest multinational companies account for 75-80. Germany's two major companies account for 90% of its national total, five in Japan account for 90% of its national total, and one in the United States accounts for 56% of its national total. China's Wazhou and other seven bearing companies with annual sales of more than 1 billion yuan, sales accounted for only 28.3 of the industry, the production concentration of the top 30 companies is only 43.6.
2. China's bearing industry has low R&D and innovation capabilities.
Since most enterprises are still at a low level in the construction and operation of innovation systems, capital investment in research and development and innovation, and talent development, and the research institutes facing industry services are becoming more and more enterprise-oriented, the state has no research on common technologies in the industry. Investing, thus weakening the function of research and development for the industry. Therefore, the industry's "two weak and two less" is prominent, that is, weak basic theoretical research, weak participation in the formulation of international standards, less original technology, and less patented products. At present, our design and manufacturing technology is basically a simulation, which has been consistent for decades. The product development capability is low. The performance is as follows: Although the matching rate for domestic mainframes reaches 80, the supporting and maintenance bearings for high-speed railway passenger cars, mid-to-high-end cars, computers, air conditioners, high-level rolling mills and other important main engines are basically imported.
3. China's bearing industry has a low level of manufacturing technology.
China's bearing industry manufacturing process and process equipment technology is developing slowly, the CNC machining rate is low, and the grinding processing automation level is low. There are only more than 200 automatic production lines in the country. Most enterprises, especially state-owned and old enterprises, are still the traditional equipment as the main production force. Advanced heat treatment processes and equipment that are critical to bearing life and reliability, such as controlled atmosphere protection heating, double refinement, bainite quenching, etc., have low coverage, and many technical problems have failed to make breakthroughs. The research and development of new steel grades for bearing steel, the improvement of steel quality, the development of related technologies such as lubrication, cooling, cleaning and abrasives are still not suitable for the requirements of bearing product level and quality improvement. As a result, the process capability index is low, the consistency is poor, the product processing size dispersion is large, and the inherent quality of the product is unstable, which affects the accuracy, performance, life and reliability of the bearing.
In view of the above situation, China has proposed the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" for the bearing industry. China's bearing industry will be market-oriented, enterprises as the mainstay, promote independent innovation capability and design and manufacturing technology upgrades, and promote the construction of large groups and "little giants" enterprises. Improve core competitiveness, increase production concentration, and achieve a shift from scale growth to quality and efficiency. In 2010, some of the products of some enterprises have reached the level of international competitiveness, laying the foundation for the ranks of the world's bearing powers; in 2020, the goal of achieving the ranks of the world's bearing powers from the bearing production countries is to accelerate the revitalization of China's equipment manufacturing industry. contribution. In 2020, we will achieve the goal of becoming a world leader in bearings. The accuracy, performance, longevity and reliability of our products have reached the level of similar products of large foreign companies in the same period. The major equipment supporting bearings have been localized: the design and manufacturing technology has reached the level of large companies outside the same period, and there are a number of core technologies. Independent intellectual property rights; there are 3-5 advantageous enterprises with independent intellectual property rights and world-renowned brands and strong international competitiveness; the total production and sales volume of the industry ranks among the top in the world, and 2-3 domestically-funded enterprises enter the world bearing Top 10 sales; industry production concentration reached 80 or more.
1. China's bearing industry has low production concentration.
Of the world's approximately $30 billion in sales, the world's eight largest multinational companies account for 75-80. Germany's two major companies account for 90% of its national total, five in Japan account for 90% of its national total, and one in the United States accounts for 56% of its national total. China's Wazhou and other seven bearing companies with annual sales of more than 1 billion yuan, sales accounted for only 28.3 of the industry, the production concentration of the top 30 companies is only 43.6.
2. China's bearing industry has low R&D and innovation capabilities.
Since most enterprises are still at a low level in the construction and operation of innovation systems, capital investment in research and development and innovation, and talent development, and the research institutes facing industry services are becoming more and more enterprise-oriented, the state has no research on common technologies in the industry. Investing, thus weakening the function of research and development for the industry. Therefore, the industry's "two weak and two less" is prominent, that is, weak basic theoretical research, weak participation in the formulation of international standards, less original technology, and less patented products. At present, our design and manufacturing technology is basically a simulation, which has been consistent for decades. The product development capability is low. The performance is as follows: Although the matching rate for domestic mainframes reaches 80, the supporting and maintenance bearings for high-speed railway passenger cars, mid-to-high-end cars, computers, air conditioners, high-level rolling mills and other important main engines are basically imported.
3. China's bearing industry has a low level of manufacturing technology.
China's bearing industry manufacturing process and process equipment technology is developing slowly, the CNC machining rate is low, and the grinding processing automation level is low. There are only more than 200 automatic production lines in the country. Most enterprises, especially state-owned and old enterprises, are still the traditional equipment as the main production force. Advanced heat treatment processes and equipment that are critical to bearing life and reliability, such as controlled atmosphere protection heating, double refinement, bainite quenching, etc., have low coverage, and many technical problems have failed to make breakthroughs. The research and development of new steel grades for bearing steel, the improvement of steel quality, the development of related technologies such as lubrication, cooling, cleaning and abrasives are still not suitable for the requirements of bearing product level and quality improvement. As a result, the process capability index is low, the consistency is poor, the product processing size dispersion is large, and the inherent quality of the product is unstable, which affects the accuracy, performance, life and reliability of the bearing.
In view of the above situation, China has proposed the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" for the bearing industry. China's bearing industry will be market-oriented, enterprises as the mainstay, promote independent innovation capability and design and manufacturing technology upgrades, and promote the construction of large groups and "little giants" enterprises. Improve core competitiveness, increase production concentration, and achieve a shift from scale growth to quality and efficiency. In 2010, some of the products of some enterprises have reached the level of international competitiveness, laying the foundation for the ranks of the world's bearing powers; in 2020, the goal of achieving the ranks of the world's bearing powers from the bearing production countries is to accelerate the revitalization of China's equipment manufacturing industry. contribution. In 2020, we will achieve the goal of becoming a world leader in bearings. The accuracy, performance, longevity and reliability of our products have reached the level of similar products of large foreign companies in the same period. The major equipment supporting bearings have been localized: the design and manufacturing technology has reached the level of large companies outside the same period, and there are a number of core technologies. Independent intellectual property rights; there are 3-5 advantageous enterprises with independent intellectual property rights and world-renowned brands and strong international competitiveness; the total production and sales volume of the industry ranks among the top in the world, and 2-3 domestically-funded enterprises enter the world bearing Top 10 sales; industry production concentration reached 80 or more.
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