The role of safety helmets and precautions for use

The Function of a Hard Hat

1. Shock Absorption: A safety helmet is designed with a gap of 25 to 50 mm between the outer shell and the inner liner. This space helps absorb impact by allowing the shell to deform slightly upon collision, preventing direct force from reaching the head.

2. Stress Distribution: The shape of the helmet’s shell is usually oval or hemispherical with a smooth surface. When an object hits the helmet, it slides off rather than staying in place. The impact force is distributed across the shell and then absorbed by the liner, reducing the force by more than two-thirds. The remaining force is spread over a larger area of the head, minimizing pressure on any single point and reducing the risk of injury.

3. Biomechanical Protection: According to national standards, a safety helmet must be able to absorb up to 4900 Newtons of force. This is based on biological testing that shows how the human neck can be injured if exposed to excessive force. Even minor impacts can cause muscle spasms, while severe ones may be life-threatening.

Important Safety Tips for Using a Helmet

To ensure your safety, it's essential to choose a certified helmet and use it properly. Here are some key guidelines:

1. Before wearing, inspect all parts of the helmet. Check for damage, ensure the lining is secure, and verify that the adjustment mechanisms are tight. The distance between the cap liner and the shell should be between 25 and 50 mm. Adjust the straps accordingly to meet this requirement.

2. Adjust the headband to fit your head size—neither too tight nor too loose. Workers at heights should always use chin straps and neck bands to prevent the helmet from slipping off during work.

3. If the helmet has been subjected to a heavy impact, stop using it immediately. Replace it if there are cracks or signs of deformation. Most helmets have a lifespan of no more than three years, even if they appear undamaged.

4. Store your helmet in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight, heat, chemicals, and moisture. Avoid placing heavy objects on it or exposing it to sharp items that could damage the structure.

5. Clean the helmet and its liner with cold or warm water (not exceeding 50°C). Never expose it to high heat, such as near a radiator, as this can cause the material to warp or lose its protective qualities.

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