Common household switches and sockets come in various types, including single-pole switches, double-pole switches, three-way switches, standard five-hole outlets, 16A air-conditioning outlets, one-gang five-hole outlets, cable TV sockets, telephone sockets, and network sockets. Each type serves a specific purpose and is designed for different electrical needs within a home.
When installing switches, it's best to place them near the door frame, at a height of 1.3 to 1.4 meters from the floor. Floor-mounted sockets should typically be five-hole panels, installed about 30 centimeters above the ground. If switches and sockets are placed side by side, their height difference should not exceed 1 millimeter to ensure a clean and professional look.
For single-phase two-pin sockets, the right or upper hole is connected to the live wire (phase), while the left or lower hole connects to the neutral wire. In the case of single-phase three-pin sockets, the right hole is for the live wire, the left for the neutral, and the top hole for the ground wire. It's important to note that the ground terminal must never be directly connected to the neutral terminal for safety reasons.
High-power appliances such as air conditioners, water heaters, and electric ovens should have their own dedicated circuit with an independent air switch for better control and safety. These devices usually require 16A sockets. In kitchens and bathrooms, where moisture is common, special waterproof sockets are recommended, and they should be installed at least 1.2 meters above the floor to prevent water damage.
In terms of wiring, the standard color codes are: red for the live wire, blue for the neutral, and green-yellow for the ground. For lighting circuits, 1.5 mm² copper wires are typically used, while 2.5 mm² wires are suitable for regular outlets. For high-power appliances like air conditioners, 4 mm² copper wires are recommended. All wiring should be protected by PVC conduits and embedded into walls, floors, and ceilings during installation to ensure durability and safety.
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