High-strength bolts cannot be installed by tapping and reaming
Quality control of steel structures during the main body construction is crucial to ensure structural integrity and safety. During the installation of columns and beams, it's essential to verify that the base plate under the column is solid, flat, and has good surface finish. The verticality and lateral displacement of the columns must be strictly controlled, as well as the straightness of the beams and the tightness of the bolts. The friction surfaces should be cleaned thoroughly before installation. Only after passing the acceptance inspection can the lifting operations proceed. Once the steel structure forms a fixed part of the space and the acceptance process is completed, the construction unit should perform a second grouting with expanded concrete at the bottom of the column and the top of the foundation to ensure full compaction and stability.
When installing bolts, steel structures typically use high-strength bolts and ordinary bolts. For ordinary bolts, the number of washers on one end should not exceed two. Bolt holes should not be created using gas cutting or reaming. After tightening, the exposed thread length should be less than two pitches. Before installing high-strength bolts, their product certificates must be checked, and re-testing should be conducted if required. The contact surface between connected components must be flat, and the contact area should not be less than 75%. High-strength bolts should never be installed by tapping or reaming. Prior to painting, all foreign materials such as welding slag, oil stains, moisture, and burrs on the component surfaces must be completely removed. The number of coats and the thickness of the paint should comply with the relevant design specifications to ensure proper protection and durability.
In addition to these measures, regular inspections and documentation throughout the installation process are necessary to maintain quality standards. All workers involved in the steel structure installation should be trained and familiar with the procedures and safety protocols. Proper coordination between different teams, including engineers, welders, and installers, is essential to prevent errors and ensure smooth progress. Any deviations from the design or construction plan should be reported immediately for corrective actions. By following these detailed steps and maintaining a high level of attention to detail, the overall quality and long-term performance of the steel structure can be significantly improved.
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