Garlic is one of the indispensable vegetables in people's daily lives, and it is also a popular vegetable on the market all year round. However, in recent years, due to improper planting methods and management methods, a large number of secondary growth of garlic has emerged, which is often referred to as "horsetail garlic" and "breaded garlic", so that garlic can neither be kept or planted. Edible, seriously reduced the commercial and economic benefits of garlic, what is the reason for the secondary growth of garlic, how to prevent and prevent? I have summarized some experience based on observations and experiments in recent years, only for reference.
First, the cause of secondary growth of garlic
1, improper selection of garlic. Since heredity is the main factor that causes secondary growth of garlic, planting garlic should first use garlic varieties suitable for planting in the region. The garlic should have large garlic, garlic, and each garlic is obvious, 4-8 petals. Form a head. If you choose a variety that is not suitable for planting in the region, it will greatly promote the secondary growth of garlic.
2. The environmental conditions of the garlic storage place are improper. If the garlic is stored at 14-16 ° C or 0-5 ° C for 30 days before sowing, the relative humidity of the air is stored in an environment of 75-100%. The low temperature plus high humidity will make the garlic outer layer and inner layer secondary growth strain. The rate is increased.
3. Improper sowing date. Garlic cloves are formed by the lateral buds of the leaf axils on the bulbs. They are also affected by temperature, light, nutrients, etc. Therefore, blind pre-sowing is also a major cause of secondary growth of garlic.
4, the garlic is not handled properly. In some places, garlic farmers like to treat the garlic cold or low temperature before sowing, and then sow it. It is thought that this will cause the garlic to sprout early. In fact, this will promote the secondary growth of the inner and outer layers of garlic.
5, the choice of garlic size is not appropriate. Some people think that the garlic cloves as garlic are bigger and easier to grow. In fact, according to the author's observation for several years, the size of the garlic cloves as a kind of garlic must be within a certain range. It is too small to form a single-flowered garlic. More secondary growth.
6. Improper cultivation and management measures. Garlic has strong adaptability, but it is very sensitive to environmental conditions, nutrients and water during the growth process. The large fat water and partial nitrogen fertilizer in the management process will cause secondary growth of garlic.
Second, the prevention and control measures of secondary growth of garlic
1. Choose high quality garlic for seeding. The farmer said that "good seedlings are good, and good seedling yield is high". Therefore, when planting garlic, first determine the selection of garlic. You should choose garlic cloves with white color, top buds, and disease-free, and you must resolutely eliminate broken buds and rot. Garlic cloves.
2. Improve storage conditions. 30 days before sowing, the garlic is stored in an environment with a temperature of 20 ° C or higher and a relative humidity of 75%, and the secondary growth can be controlled very effectively.
3. Strict seeding period. The temperature suitable for the expansion of garlic bulbs is 20-25 ° C. When the garlic is higher than 26 ° C, the garlic enters dormancy. The sunshine time is less than 13 hours. Although the new leaves can continue to differentiate, but the lateral buds on the bulbs cannot be formed, so the garlic must be planted. Due to the strict sowing date, it is not possible to blindly plant early. Garlic farmers often say that "the Mid-Autumn Festival is not at home, the Dragon Boat Festival is not in the ground" and "Spring garlic is not out of the nine", it is very clear that autumn garlic is suitable for late September to early October, spring garlic is planted before mid-March.
4, appropriate garlic treatment. Before planting, the garlic will be dried in the sun for 2-3 days, making the garlic between the petals loose and easy to remove the garlic. When the seed is peeled off, the garlic peel is removed, and the residual stem plate is removed, which can reduce the secondary growth of the garlic, and can make the sprouting early and the seedlings tidy.
5. Reasonable close planting. Reasonable dense planting is conducive to the tidy garlic and individual growth. The best row spacing of white garlic is 16 cm 10 cm, and the best row spacing of red garlic is 10 cm 8 cm.
6. Strengthen management measures. In the whole growing season of garlic, it is necessary to strengthen the supply of fertilizer and water, but it is not suitable for large fat water. In the most critical bulb expansion period, 25-30 kg of garlic special compound fertilizer can be applied per acre; small water is poured once every 3-5 days to keep the surface dry; in this period, the leaf surface can be sprayed 600 times. Potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2-3 times to supplement phosphorus and potassium fertilizer.
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