Editor's Note: (1) This paper is the research result of the research group of China Machinery Manufacturing Industry Development Report of the Institute of Strategy and Planning of Machinery Industry Information Research Institute. Members of the research group: Shi Yong, Yan Enmin, Qian Tao, Zhao Fengjie, Zhang Yan, Chen Yu, Cheng Du, Kong Yanyan, Wang Zhenlin. Writer: Zhang Yan.
(2) Unless otherwise stated, the equipment manufacturing industry refers to the full-scale equipment manufacturing industry, that is, the statistical scope includes metal products industry, general equipment manufacturing, special equipment manufacturing, automobile manufacturing, railway, shipbuilding, aerospace and Other transportation equipment manufacturing, electrical machinery and equipment manufacturing, computer, communications and other electronic equipment manufacturing, instrumentation manufacturing, metal products, machinery and equipment repair industry, and other 9 categories.
First, the overall situation
In 2013, China's equipment manufacturing industry continued to slowly recover, and the foundation for recovery was stable. However, the internal driving force and vitality of the recovery are still insufficient, and there is a risk of further downside.
In 2013, the industrial added value of equipment manufacturing enterprises above designated size increased by 11.03% year-on-year, which was higher than the national industrial added value growth rate of 1.33 percentage points. Among the 88 kinds of equipments monitored by key statistics, the cumulative output of 53 kinds of products maintained growth, accounting for 60.2%; the export delivery value was 64.845 billion yuan, up 4.04% year-on-year; the main business income was 28,438.64 billion yuan, year-on-year. The growth was 12.35%; the profit was 175.25 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 16.07%; the profit income of the main business income was 6.17%, an increase of 0.2 percentage points year-on-year.
Among them, the removal of computer, communications and other electronic equipment manufacturing industry, in 2013, the industrial added value of equipment manufacturing enterprises above designated size increased by 10.9% year-on-year, higher than the national industrial added value growth rate of 1.2 percentage points; 70 kinds of equipment products monitored in key statistics Among them, the cumulative output of 41 kinds of products maintained growth, accounting for 58.57%; the export delivery value was 1989.89 billion yuan, up 0.61% year-on-year; the main business income was 20,715.99 billion yuan, up 13.17% year-on-year; the profit was 1422.43 billion yuan. The year-on-year growth was 15.25%; the profit from the main business income was 6.87%, an increase of 0.13 percentage points year-on-year.
Second, the key industry situation
(1) The production and sales of automobiles have reached new heights
In 2013, the production and sales of automobiles were 22.16 million and 21.9841 million, an increase of 14.76% and 13.87% respectively, an increase of 10.2 and 9.6 percentage points respectively over the previous year. Both production and sales exceeded 21 million units, a record high, once again set a new global record, ranking first in the world for five consecutive years. Among them, passenger car production and sales increased by 16.5% and 15.71% respectively, an increase of 9.52 and 8.84 percentage points respectively over the previous year; commercial vehicle production and sales increased by 7.56% and 6.4% respectively. Sales of passenger cars of 1.6 liters and below increased by 14.73% year-on-year, accounting for 66.51% of the total sales of passenger vehicles, accounting for 0.69 percentage points lower than the same period of the previous year. Sales of Chinese brand passenger cars increased by 11.4% year-on-year, accounting for 40.3% of total passenger car sales, accounting for 1.6 percentage points lower than the same period of the previous year.
(2) The growth rate of the electrical machinery industry continues to accelerate
In 2013, the added value of the electrical machinery industry increased by 10.9% year-on-year, and the growth rate was 1.2 percentage points higher than the previous year. The output of wind turbines in power generation equipment increased from negative to positive in November, with a year-on-year increase of 9.6%. The output of hydroelectric generating units decreased in December, down 4.8% year-on-year; the output of steam turbine generators decreased by 8.3%. The decline was 1.5 percentage points higher than the same period of the previous year. Power plant boiler output fell by 3.7% year-on-year. The output of transformers and power cables in power transmission and transformation equipment increased by 6.6% and 4.8% respectively.
(3) The computer, communications and other electronic equipment industries maintained steady growth
In 2013, the added value of the computer, communications and other electronic equipment industry increased by 11.3% year-on-year. The cumulative growth rate in each month remained at 11.1%-11.5%, showing a steady growth trend. Among them, the output of electronic computer increased by 7.9% year-on-year, the output of program-controlled switch increased by 7.1%, the output of mobile communication base station equipment increased by 21.2%, the output of mobile communication handset (mobile phone) increased by 25.8%, and the output of integrated circuit increased by 10.4%. The output of optoelectronic devices increased by 28.8% year-on-year.
(4) The machine tool industry has narrowed its decline
In 2013, the output of Jinqie machine tools decreased by 2% year-on-year, and the decrease was 11.4 percentage points lower than that of the previous year; the output of CNC metal cutting machine tools increased by 2% year-on-year; the output of metal forming machine tools decreased by 1.3% year-on-year, the decrease was 3.4 percentage points lower than the previous year. .
(5) The output of major products in the construction machinery industry maintained growth
In 2013, the output of loaders, compaction machinery, cement special equipment and concrete machinery increased by 1.8%, 6.9%, 2.6% and 6.3%, respectively. The output of excavators also changed from a decline to a growth in December, an increase of 1.4%.
(6) The output of major products in the agricultural machinery industry has increased or decreased
In 2013, the output of medium-sized tractors, mini-tractors and harvesting machinery increased by 13.9%, 4.9% and 0.9% respectively year-on-year; the output of special equipment for feed production and large tractors decreased by 6.1% and 1.7% respectively.
(VII) The instrumentation industry continues to grow rapidly
In 2013, the added value of the instrumentation industry increased by 11.8% year-on-year. Among them, the output of automotive instrumentation increased by 13.9% year-on-year, and the output of electrical instrumentation decreased by 2.1%.
(8) The structural adjustment of the shipbuilding industry has shown a good trend, and the order volume of new ships has increased by 2 times.
In 2013, the shipbuilding completion volume was 45.34 million DWT, down 24.7% year-on-year; the newly-accepted ship order volume was 69.84 million DWT, up 242.2% year-on-year; as of the end of December, the hand-held ship order volume was 131 million DWT, a year-on-year increase of 22.5%. China's three major indicators of shipbuilding market share continues to lead the world, shipbuilding completion, new orders, hand-held orders accounted for 41.4%, 47.9% and 45% of the world's total, respectively, of which new orders increased compared to 2012 4.3 percentage points. The new ship orders were further concentrated to the dominant enterprises. The top 20 enterprises in 2013 took orders of 55.86 million DWT, accounting for 80% of the national total, up 5.5 percentage points from 2012. New breakthroughs were made in high-tech ship orders, and six new 174,000 cubic meters dual-fuel electric propulsion large LNG vessels and four 83,000 cubic meters large liquefied gas carriers (VLGC) were newly acquired. Newly, it has a total of 64 large container ships of 8,000 boxes and above, accounting for about 40% of the world total. Orders for offshore engineering equipment have increased significantly. In 2013, China's orders for various types of offshore engineering equipment exceeded US$18 billion, accounting for 29.5% of the world market, an increase of 16% over 2012. It has surpassed Singapore and ranks second in the world. It has undertaken a total of 61 offshore drilling platforms and 1 drilling vessel, including 49 jack-up rigs, accounting for more than half of the world's total.
Third, the main features of economic operation
(1) The growth rate continues to slow and accelerate
In 2013, the growth rate of the equipment manufacturing industry continued to rebound slightly. The added value of the equipment manufacturing industry in the first quarter, the first half of the year, the first three quarters and the whole year increased by 9.7%, 9.73%, 10.2% and 11.03% respectively. Among them, the growth rate from January to August was the same as the growth rate of all industrial added value, which reversed the situation of less than all industries for 19 consecutive months. The cumulative growth rate in the first three quarters, January-October, January-November and the whole year Higher than all industries.
Among them, the removal of computer, communications and other electronic equipment manufacturing industry, the first quarter, the first half, the first three quarters, the annual increase in the value of equipment manufacturing industry increased by 9%, 9.2%, 9.9%, 10.9%.
(2) Economic benefits rebound faster than production and sales
In 2013, the economic efficiency indicators such as revenue and profit of the main business of the equipment manufacturing industry generally rebounded rapidly, and the recovery rate was faster than production and sales. The industry's main business income increased by 12.35% year-on-year, an increase of 2.82 percentage points year-on-year; the profit increased by 16.07% year-on-year, an increase of 11.51 percentage points year-on-year.
Among them, in the computer, communications and other electronic equipment manufacturing industry, in 2013, the equipment manufacturing industry completed the main business income increased by 13.17%, an increase of 4.18 percentage points year-on-year; the profit increased by 15.25%, an increase of 11.42 percentage points.
(3) The pressure on management fees and financial expenses has been alleviated
In 2013, equipment manufacturing companies generally strengthened internal management and reduced costs, and financial costs were also significantly reduced due to slower investment. The annual management cost of equipment manufacturing enterprises above designated size increased by 12.43% year-on-year, and the growth rate decreased by 1% year-on-year; the financial expenses increased by 4.55% year-on-year, of which interest expenses increased by 4.26% year-on-year, and the growth rate decreased by 30.12 and 25.03 percentage points respectively.
Among them, in the computer, communications and other electronic equipment manufacturing industries, in 2013, the management costs of equipment manufacturing enterprises above designated size increased by 12.26% year-on-year, a decrease of 1.77 percentage points year-on-year; financial expenses increased by 3.41% year-on-year, of which interest expenses increased by 5.76% year-on-year. They were down 24.51 and 23.17 percentage points year-on-year respectively.
Fourth, the main problems in economic operation
(1) Market demand remains sluggish
In 2013, the equipment industry orders reversed the continuous decline, and there were positive signs of slow recovery. However, the lack of market demand is still the biggest difficulty for enterprises. In the whole year, the order growth of key enterprises in the machinery industry rebounded to 10.19%. Although it rebounded slightly month by month, the order growth was still relatively slow, especially the shortage of demand for metallurgical equipment, mining equipment and coal machinery.
(2) The price of equipment products continues to be low 徘徊
In the current market demand shortage, due to the widespread repetitive production of general-purpose and medium- and low-end products, the contradiction of oversupply has been intensified, and the vicious competition of homogenization has intensified. The phenomenon of blindly grabbing orders has occurred from time to time. In 2013, the price of equipment products continued to run at a low level. The price index for the month has been lower than 100% for 25 months, and the cumulative price index has continued to be less than 100%. The cumulative price index for equipment for the year is 98.6, and overall Decrease the trend month by month. The price of equipment products continued to fall, resulting in a sharp drop in corporate profit margins.
(3) The situation of foreign trade exports is not optimistic
In 2013, in the context of the slowdown in the recovery of the world economy, the promotion of the “re-industrialization†strategy of the western developed countries, the increasingly fierce international competition, and the rising protectionism of trade protection, although China’s equipment manufacturing industry has been accelerating product structure adjustment and technological upgrading, since August. The export growth rate of the export month turned from negative to positive and continued to accelerate, and the cumulative growth rate also turned from negative to positive in December. However, the rapid growth of exports for many years has begun to trigger increasingly fierce trade frictions, the trade environment is deteriorating, and the situation of foreign trade exports is still not optimistic. The overseas mergers and acquisitions of Chinese enterprises represented by Sany Heavy Industry have been subjected to various nominal obstructions in the United States; the Brazilian government has increased the import tariffs on some construction machinery products from 14% to 35%, and some of China’s export-related tax-related products are almost in Brazil. Stagnant sales. In the whole year, the cumulative export delivery value of the equipment manufacturing industry increased by 4.04% year-on-year. The export delivery value of the equipment manufacturing industry, which removed the computer, communication and other electronic equipment manufacturing industries, increased by 0.61% year-on-year, which was lower than the average industrial export average of 0.96. And 4.39 percentage points. According to the data of the State Customs Administration, the export value of mechanical and electrical products in 2013 was 1,265.527 billion US dollars, an increase of 7.31% over the same period of last year. The growth rate was lower than the national average of foreign trade exports by 0.59 percentage points. Among them, the removal of computers, communications and other electronic equipment, equipment products The export value was 458.329 billion US dollars, a year-on-year increase of 2.3%, and the growth rate was lower than the national average of 5.6 percentage points.
(4) Domestic high-end equipment products are generally suppressed by foreign businessmen
High-end equipment products have been dominated by foreign companies for a long time. When China is unable to produce itself, it will raise prices substantially. Once Chinese enterprises have made breakthroughs in localization, foreign companies will immediately implement price diving and use our domestic high-end equipment products to establish weaknesses. In order to lure users and compete for orders, domestic enterprises are unable to obtain orders and cannot recover huge amounts of investment in the previous period. For example, a nuclear power K1 cable produced by a US company (the highest explosion-proof grade), the past quotation has been maintained at around 10 million yuan / ton for a long time, the price of alternative products developed by domestic enterprises is only 5 million yuan / ton, the foreign party will immediately adjust the price As low as 2.8 million yuan / ton.
V. Situation judgment and forecast analysis
From an international perspective, the global economy has entered a low-speed gear period, and the economic growth trend is expected to slowly increase, but the recovery momentum is still insufficient, and the downside risks remain. The growth momentum of developed economies is gradually increasing. China and a growing number of emerging market economies are facing the challenge of slowing growth due to the dual factors of economic cycle and potential growth rate decline. Among them, private demand in the United States remains strong, public sector demand drags down economic growth, but this resistance will weaken in 2014, and economic growth will accelerate; Japan’s economy rebounds strongly, but will shrink with fiscal policy by 2014. Gradually losing momentum; the euro zone recovered from the recession, but economic activity is expected to remain weak in 2014. According to the latest report released by the United Nations, the world economy will grow by 3% in 2014, and the economic growth rate will further increase to 3.3% in 2015. Compared with the 2.1% increase in 2013, the world economy will improve in the next two years.
Domestically, China's economic slowdown is more due to the decline in potential growth rates. Although the growth rate is inevitable compared to the first decade of this century, structural reforms have helped to promote economic growth and have become increasingly urgent. To this end, the Chinese government is taking strong policy measures to carry out a new round of structural reforms, including reforming innovative administrative mechanisms, promoting market decisiveness in resource allocation, increasing investment in public infrastructure, and expanding consumption. According to the latest report released by the United Nations, China’s economic growth is relatively stable in 2014 and is expected to maintain a growth rate of around 7.5% in the next few years.
From the perspective of equipment manufacturing industry, although it still faces many difficulties such as sluggish domestic and foreign demand and falling product profits, the Central Economic Work Conference has clearly implemented a proactive fiscal policy and a prudent monetary policy, and synchronized with the “four modernizationsâ€. The development will be further promoted, especially under the influence of the market reversal mechanism to promote industrial restructuring, which will create more market demand and development space for the equipment manufacturing industry, and the favorable factors for the steady growth of the whole industry are increasing.
In summary, it is expected that China's equipment manufacturing industry will maintain steady growth in 2014, and the foundation and momentum of growth will further stabilize and strengthen. The added value of equipment manufacturing industry will increase by about 12% year-on-year; among them, the removal of computers, communications and other electronic equipment. In the manufacturing industry, the added value of the equipment manufacturing industry increased by about 11% year-on-year.
Sixth, policy recommendations
(1) Reform and innovation industry management methods
Clean up and abolish regulations and practices that unreasonably restrict enterprises and hinder the formation of a unified national market; build a platform for production and demand docking, further expand product demand; study negative inventory management models; use innovative financial funds to explore demand side subsidies, post-project subsidies, Indirect subsidies, venture capital, etc.
(II) Strengthening economic operation analysis and boom monitoring and early warning of equipment manufacturing industry
Regularly carry out economic operation analysis of national equipment manufacturing industry, compile monthly economic index of equipment manufacturing industry, establish industry information release system, timely release relevant information and data; strengthen monitoring of economic operation of key areas of equipment manufacturing industry and key enterprises, and master industry development Dynamic, timely detection of major problems, major trends, research and propose relevant countermeasures and measures.
(3) Accelerate the implementation of major national science and technology projects
Continue to implement high-end CNC machine tools and basic manufacturing equipment, large aircraft, core electronic components, high-end general-purpose chips and basic software products, major-scale integrated circuit manufacturing equipment and complete sets of technology and other major scientific and technological projects, complete relevant major budget estimates and implementation as soon as possible The adjustment of the program, increase funding support, broaden the scope of support; accelerate the completion of major demonstrations and launches of aero-engines and gas turbines; encourage equipment manufacturers to increase R&D investment, establish R&D institutions, establish industry alliances, and strengthen testing and testing platforms Construction.
(4) Research and establishment of the "Special Project for Industrial Automation Development"
It is recommended that the national development and reform, industry, science and technology departments jointly study and set up a "special project for industrial automation development" to encourage and support the research and development of basic components, basic processes and basic technologies such as robots, precision machinery, microelectronics, PLC, and actively promote industrial automation. The level has been rapidly improved, breaking through the bottleneck of the deep integration of “two transformations†and accelerating the promotion of equipment manufacturing and even industrial transformation and upgrading.
(V) Strengthening the formulation and implementation of development strategies, plans, policies and standards
Strengthen strategic, forward-looking and long-term strategic issues, formulate key industry development plans, strengthen industry development risk analysis, formulate industrial policies such as green manufacturing, energy conservation and emission reduction, study and formulate energy conservation and new energy vehicle industry support policies, and guide Enterprise investment and industrial development; strengthen research on key industry standards, revision and access conditions, and promote the elimination of backward production capacity.
(6) Accelerate the formulation and implementation of the first (set) policy of major domestically produced technical equipment
Improve and implement the "First (set) Major Technical Equipment Test and Demonstration Project Management Measures", establish the first (set) major technical equipment insurance mechanism for government guidance and market operation, and create policies for the first (set) major technical equipment application. Environment, strengthen the guidance and supervision of the first (set) major technical equipment project management, encourage and support independent innovation of major technical equipment, and accelerate the pace of localization of equipment.
(2) Unless otherwise stated, the equipment manufacturing industry refers to the full-scale equipment manufacturing industry, that is, the statistical scope includes metal products industry, general equipment manufacturing, special equipment manufacturing, automobile manufacturing, railway, shipbuilding, aerospace and Other transportation equipment manufacturing, electrical machinery and equipment manufacturing, computer, communications and other electronic equipment manufacturing, instrumentation manufacturing, metal products, machinery and equipment repair industry, and other 9 categories.
First, the overall situation
In 2013, China's equipment manufacturing industry continued to slowly recover, and the foundation for recovery was stable. However, the internal driving force and vitality of the recovery are still insufficient, and there is a risk of further downside.
In 2013, the industrial added value of equipment manufacturing enterprises above designated size increased by 11.03% year-on-year, which was higher than the national industrial added value growth rate of 1.33 percentage points. Among the 88 kinds of equipments monitored by key statistics, the cumulative output of 53 kinds of products maintained growth, accounting for 60.2%; the export delivery value was 64.845 billion yuan, up 4.04% year-on-year; the main business income was 28,438.64 billion yuan, year-on-year. The growth was 12.35%; the profit was 175.25 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 16.07%; the profit income of the main business income was 6.17%, an increase of 0.2 percentage points year-on-year.
Among them, the removal of computer, communications and other electronic equipment manufacturing industry, in 2013, the industrial added value of equipment manufacturing enterprises above designated size increased by 10.9% year-on-year, higher than the national industrial added value growth rate of 1.2 percentage points; 70 kinds of equipment products monitored in key statistics Among them, the cumulative output of 41 kinds of products maintained growth, accounting for 58.57%; the export delivery value was 1989.89 billion yuan, up 0.61% year-on-year; the main business income was 20,715.99 billion yuan, up 13.17% year-on-year; the profit was 1422.43 billion yuan. The year-on-year growth was 15.25%; the profit from the main business income was 6.87%, an increase of 0.13 percentage points year-on-year.
Second, the key industry situation
(1) The production and sales of automobiles have reached new heights
In 2013, the production and sales of automobiles were 22.16 million and 21.9841 million, an increase of 14.76% and 13.87% respectively, an increase of 10.2 and 9.6 percentage points respectively over the previous year. Both production and sales exceeded 21 million units, a record high, once again set a new global record, ranking first in the world for five consecutive years. Among them, passenger car production and sales increased by 16.5% and 15.71% respectively, an increase of 9.52 and 8.84 percentage points respectively over the previous year; commercial vehicle production and sales increased by 7.56% and 6.4% respectively. Sales of passenger cars of 1.6 liters and below increased by 14.73% year-on-year, accounting for 66.51% of the total sales of passenger vehicles, accounting for 0.69 percentage points lower than the same period of the previous year. Sales of Chinese brand passenger cars increased by 11.4% year-on-year, accounting for 40.3% of total passenger car sales, accounting for 1.6 percentage points lower than the same period of the previous year.
(2) The growth rate of the electrical machinery industry continues to accelerate
In 2013, the added value of the electrical machinery industry increased by 10.9% year-on-year, and the growth rate was 1.2 percentage points higher than the previous year. The output of wind turbines in power generation equipment increased from negative to positive in November, with a year-on-year increase of 9.6%. The output of hydroelectric generating units decreased in December, down 4.8% year-on-year; the output of steam turbine generators decreased by 8.3%. The decline was 1.5 percentage points higher than the same period of the previous year. Power plant boiler output fell by 3.7% year-on-year. The output of transformers and power cables in power transmission and transformation equipment increased by 6.6% and 4.8% respectively.
(3) The computer, communications and other electronic equipment industries maintained steady growth
In 2013, the added value of the computer, communications and other electronic equipment industry increased by 11.3% year-on-year. The cumulative growth rate in each month remained at 11.1%-11.5%, showing a steady growth trend. Among them, the output of electronic computer increased by 7.9% year-on-year, the output of program-controlled switch increased by 7.1%, the output of mobile communication base station equipment increased by 21.2%, the output of mobile communication handset (mobile phone) increased by 25.8%, and the output of integrated circuit increased by 10.4%. The output of optoelectronic devices increased by 28.8% year-on-year.
(4) The machine tool industry has narrowed its decline
In 2013, the output of Jinqie machine tools decreased by 2% year-on-year, and the decrease was 11.4 percentage points lower than that of the previous year; the output of CNC metal cutting machine tools increased by 2% year-on-year; the output of metal forming machine tools decreased by 1.3% year-on-year, the decrease was 3.4 percentage points lower than the previous year. .
(5) The output of major products in the construction machinery industry maintained growth
In 2013, the output of loaders, compaction machinery, cement special equipment and concrete machinery increased by 1.8%, 6.9%, 2.6% and 6.3%, respectively. The output of excavators also changed from a decline to a growth in December, an increase of 1.4%.
(6) The output of major products in the agricultural machinery industry has increased or decreased
In 2013, the output of medium-sized tractors, mini-tractors and harvesting machinery increased by 13.9%, 4.9% and 0.9% respectively year-on-year; the output of special equipment for feed production and large tractors decreased by 6.1% and 1.7% respectively.
(VII) The instrumentation industry continues to grow rapidly
In 2013, the added value of the instrumentation industry increased by 11.8% year-on-year. Among them, the output of automotive instrumentation increased by 13.9% year-on-year, and the output of electrical instrumentation decreased by 2.1%.
(8) The structural adjustment of the shipbuilding industry has shown a good trend, and the order volume of new ships has increased by 2 times.
In 2013, the shipbuilding completion volume was 45.34 million DWT, down 24.7% year-on-year; the newly-accepted ship order volume was 69.84 million DWT, up 242.2% year-on-year; as of the end of December, the hand-held ship order volume was 131 million DWT, a year-on-year increase of 22.5%. China's three major indicators of shipbuilding market share continues to lead the world, shipbuilding completion, new orders, hand-held orders accounted for 41.4%, 47.9% and 45% of the world's total, respectively, of which new orders increased compared to 2012 4.3 percentage points. The new ship orders were further concentrated to the dominant enterprises. The top 20 enterprises in 2013 took orders of 55.86 million DWT, accounting for 80% of the national total, up 5.5 percentage points from 2012. New breakthroughs were made in high-tech ship orders, and six new 174,000 cubic meters dual-fuel electric propulsion large LNG vessels and four 83,000 cubic meters large liquefied gas carriers (VLGC) were newly acquired. Newly, it has a total of 64 large container ships of 8,000 boxes and above, accounting for about 40% of the world total. Orders for offshore engineering equipment have increased significantly. In 2013, China's orders for various types of offshore engineering equipment exceeded US$18 billion, accounting for 29.5% of the world market, an increase of 16% over 2012. It has surpassed Singapore and ranks second in the world. It has undertaken a total of 61 offshore drilling platforms and 1 drilling vessel, including 49 jack-up rigs, accounting for more than half of the world's total.
Third, the main features of economic operation
(1) The growth rate continues to slow and accelerate
In 2013, the growth rate of the equipment manufacturing industry continued to rebound slightly. The added value of the equipment manufacturing industry in the first quarter, the first half of the year, the first three quarters and the whole year increased by 9.7%, 9.73%, 10.2% and 11.03% respectively. Among them, the growth rate from January to August was the same as the growth rate of all industrial added value, which reversed the situation of less than all industries for 19 consecutive months. The cumulative growth rate in the first three quarters, January-October, January-November and the whole year Higher than all industries.
Among them, the removal of computer, communications and other electronic equipment manufacturing industry, the first quarter, the first half, the first three quarters, the annual increase in the value of equipment manufacturing industry increased by 9%, 9.2%, 9.9%, 10.9%.
(2) Economic benefits rebound faster than production and sales
In 2013, the economic efficiency indicators such as revenue and profit of the main business of the equipment manufacturing industry generally rebounded rapidly, and the recovery rate was faster than production and sales. The industry's main business income increased by 12.35% year-on-year, an increase of 2.82 percentage points year-on-year; the profit increased by 16.07% year-on-year, an increase of 11.51 percentage points year-on-year.
Among them, in the computer, communications and other electronic equipment manufacturing industry, in 2013, the equipment manufacturing industry completed the main business income increased by 13.17%, an increase of 4.18 percentage points year-on-year; the profit increased by 15.25%, an increase of 11.42 percentage points.
(3) The pressure on management fees and financial expenses has been alleviated
In 2013, equipment manufacturing companies generally strengthened internal management and reduced costs, and financial costs were also significantly reduced due to slower investment. The annual management cost of equipment manufacturing enterprises above designated size increased by 12.43% year-on-year, and the growth rate decreased by 1% year-on-year; the financial expenses increased by 4.55% year-on-year, of which interest expenses increased by 4.26% year-on-year, and the growth rate decreased by 30.12 and 25.03 percentage points respectively.
Among them, in the computer, communications and other electronic equipment manufacturing industries, in 2013, the management costs of equipment manufacturing enterprises above designated size increased by 12.26% year-on-year, a decrease of 1.77 percentage points year-on-year; financial expenses increased by 3.41% year-on-year, of which interest expenses increased by 5.76% year-on-year. They were down 24.51 and 23.17 percentage points year-on-year respectively.
Fourth, the main problems in economic operation
(1) Market demand remains sluggish
In 2013, the equipment industry orders reversed the continuous decline, and there were positive signs of slow recovery. However, the lack of market demand is still the biggest difficulty for enterprises. In the whole year, the order growth of key enterprises in the machinery industry rebounded to 10.19%. Although it rebounded slightly month by month, the order growth was still relatively slow, especially the shortage of demand for metallurgical equipment, mining equipment and coal machinery.
(2) The price of equipment products continues to be low 徘徊
In the current market demand shortage, due to the widespread repetitive production of general-purpose and medium- and low-end products, the contradiction of oversupply has been intensified, and the vicious competition of homogenization has intensified. The phenomenon of blindly grabbing orders has occurred from time to time. In 2013, the price of equipment products continued to run at a low level. The price index for the month has been lower than 100% for 25 months, and the cumulative price index has continued to be less than 100%. The cumulative price index for equipment for the year is 98.6, and overall Decrease the trend month by month. The price of equipment products continued to fall, resulting in a sharp drop in corporate profit margins.
(3) The situation of foreign trade exports is not optimistic
In 2013, in the context of the slowdown in the recovery of the world economy, the promotion of the “re-industrialization†strategy of the western developed countries, the increasingly fierce international competition, and the rising protectionism of trade protection, although China’s equipment manufacturing industry has been accelerating product structure adjustment and technological upgrading, since August. The export growth rate of the export month turned from negative to positive and continued to accelerate, and the cumulative growth rate also turned from negative to positive in December. However, the rapid growth of exports for many years has begun to trigger increasingly fierce trade frictions, the trade environment is deteriorating, and the situation of foreign trade exports is still not optimistic. The overseas mergers and acquisitions of Chinese enterprises represented by Sany Heavy Industry have been subjected to various nominal obstructions in the United States; the Brazilian government has increased the import tariffs on some construction machinery products from 14% to 35%, and some of China’s export-related tax-related products are almost in Brazil. Stagnant sales. In the whole year, the cumulative export delivery value of the equipment manufacturing industry increased by 4.04% year-on-year. The export delivery value of the equipment manufacturing industry, which removed the computer, communication and other electronic equipment manufacturing industries, increased by 0.61% year-on-year, which was lower than the average industrial export average of 0.96. And 4.39 percentage points. According to the data of the State Customs Administration, the export value of mechanical and electrical products in 2013 was 1,265.527 billion US dollars, an increase of 7.31% over the same period of last year. The growth rate was lower than the national average of foreign trade exports by 0.59 percentage points. Among them, the removal of computers, communications and other electronic equipment, equipment products The export value was 458.329 billion US dollars, a year-on-year increase of 2.3%, and the growth rate was lower than the national average of 5.6 percentage points.
(4) Domestic high-end equipment products are generally suppressed by foreign businessmen
High-end equipment products have been dominated by foreign companies for a long time. When China is unable to produce itself, it will raise prices substantially. Once Chinese enterprises have made breakthroughs in localization, foreign companies will immediately implement price diving and use our domestic high-end equipment products to establish weaknesses. In order to lure users and compete for orders, domestic enterprises are unable to obtain orders and cannot recover huge amounts of investment in the previous period. For example, a nuclear power K1 cable produced by a US company (the highest explosion-proof grade), the past quotation has been maintained at around 10 million yuan / ton for a long time, the price of alternative products developed by domestic enterprises is only 5 million yuan / ton, the foreign party will immediately adjust the price As low as 2.8 million yuan / ton.
V. Situation judgment and forecast analysis
From an international perspective, the global economy has entered a low-speed gear period, and the economic growth trend is expected to slowly increase, but the recovery momentum is still insufficient, and the downside risks remain. The growth momentum of developed economies is gradually increasing. China and a growing number of emerging market economies are facing the challenge of slowing growth due to the dual factors of economic cycle and potential growth rate decline. Among them, private demand in the United States remains strong, public sector demand drags down economic growth, but this resistance will weaken in 2014, and economic growth will accelerate; Japan’s economy rebounds strongly, but will shrink with fiscal policy by 2014. Gradually losing momentum; the euro zone recovered from the recession, but economic activity is expected to remain weak in 2014. According to the latest report released by the United Nations, the world economy will grow by 3% in 2014, and the economic growth rate will further increase to 3.3% in 2015. Compared with the 2.1% increase in 2013, the world economy will improve in the next two years.
Domestically, China's economic slowdown is more due to the decline in potential growth rates. Although the growth rate is inevitable compared to the first decade of this century, structural reforms have helped to promote economic growth and have become increasingly urgent. To this end, the Chinese government is taking strong policy measures to carry out a new round of structural reforms, including reforming innovative administrative mechanisms, promoting market decisiveness in resource allocation, increasing investment in public infrastructure, and expanding consumption. According to the latest report released by the United Nations, China’s economic growth is relatively stable in 2014 and is expected to maintain a growth rate of around 7.5% in the next few years.
From the perspective of equipment manufacturing industry, although it still faces many difficulties such as sluggish domestic and foreign demand and falling product profits, the Central Economic Work Conference has clearly implemented a proactive fiscal policy and a prudent monetary policy, and synchronized with the “four modernizationsâ€. The development will be further promoted, especially under the influence of the market reversal mechanism to promote industrial restructuring, which will create more market demand and development space for the equipment manufacturing industry, and the favorable factors for the steady growth of the whole industry are increasing.
In summary, it is expected that China's equipment manufacturing industry will maintain steady growth in 2014, and the foundation and momentum of growth will further stabilize and strengthen. The added value of equipment manufacturing industry will increase by about 12% year-on-year; among them, the removal of computers, communications and other electronic equipment. In the manufacturing industry, the added value of the equipment manufacturing industry increased by about 11% year-on-year.
Sixth, policy recommendations
(1) Reform and innovation industry management methods
Clean up and abolish regulations and practices that unreasonably restrict enterprises and hinder the formation of a unified national market; build a platform for production and demand docking, further expand product demand; study negative inventory management models; use innovative financial funds to explore demand side subsidies, post-project subsidies, Indirect subsidies, venture capital, etc.
(II) Strengthening economic operation analysis and boom monitoring and early warning of equipment manufacturing industry
Regularly carry out economic operation analysis of national equipment manufacturing industry, compile monthly economic index of equipment manufacturing industry, establish industry information release system, timely release relevant information and data; strengthen monitoring of economic operation of key areas of equipment manufacturing industry and key enterprises, and master industry development Dynamic, timely detection of major problems, major trends, research and propose relevant countermeasures and measures.
(3) Accelerate the implementation of major national science and technology projects
Continue to implement high-end CNC machine tools and basic manufacturing equipment, large aircraft, core electronic components, high-end general-purpose chips and basic software products, major-scale integrated circuit manufacturing equipment and complete sets of technology and other major scientific and technological projects, complete relevant major budget estimates and implementation as soon as possible The adjustment of the program, increase funding support, broaden the scope of support; accelerate the completion of major demonstrations and launches of aero-engines and gas turbines; encourage equipment manufacturers to increase R&D investment, establish R&D institutions, establish industry alliances, and strengthen testing and testing platforms Construction.
(4) Research and establishment of the "Special Project for Industrial Automation Development"
It is recommended that the national development and reform, industry, science and technology departments jointly study and set up a "special project for industrial automation development" to encourage and support the research and development of basic components, basic processes and basic technologies such as robots, precision machinery, microelectronics, PLC, and actively promote industrial automation. The level has been rapidly improved, breaking through the bottleneck of the deep integration of “two transformations†and accelerating the promotion of equipment manufacturing and even industrial transformation and upgrading.
(V) Strengthening the formulation and implementation of development strategies, plans, policies and standards
Strengthen strategic, forward-looking and long-term strategic issues, formulate key industry development plans, strengthen industry development risk analysis, formulate industrial policies such as green manufacturing, energy conservation and emission reduction, study and formulate energy conservation and new energy vehicle industry support policies, and guide Enterprise investment and industrial development; strengthen research on key industry standards, revision and access conditions, and promote the elimination of backward production capacity.
(6) Accelerate the formulation and implementation of the first (set) policy of major domestically produced technical equipment
Improve and implement the "First (set) Major Technical Equipment Test and Demonstration Project Management Measures", establish the first (set) major technical equipment insurance mechanism for government guidance and market operation, and create policies for the first (set) major technical equipment application. Environment, strengthen the guidance and supervision of the first (set) major technical equipment project management, encourage and support independent innovation of major technical equipment, and accelerate the pace of localization of equipment.
Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose, graininess More than 98.5% sieving rate for 100 mesh; totally 100% sieving rate for 80 mesh, Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose HPMC is White or similar to white powder, odorless; Carbonization Temperature: 280-300 ℃; apparent Density: 0.25 to 0.70 g/cm3; Color-change Temperature: 190-200 ;Surface Tension: 42-56 dyn/cm in 2% aqueous solution.
Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose used in Ceramic industry
- Used widely as binder in the ceramic production industry.
Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose used in Coating industry
- Used as thickening agent, dispersing agent and stabilizer in the coating industry.
- Have a good compatibility in water or organic solvents.
- Used as the paint remover/stripper.
Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose used in Ink printing
- Used as thickening agent, dispersing agent and stabilizer in the printing ink industry.
- Have a good compatibility in water or organic solvents.
The molecular formula of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose is shown below
150000 Viscosity Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose
Pharmaceutical Grade,150000 Viscosity Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose,Mhpc Pharmaceutical Grade,Hydroxypropyl Methyl Cellulose
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