China's saline-alkali land is mainly distributed in the northwest, north China, northeast and coastal areas, with a total area of ​​about 300-400 million mu. Generally, when the soil salt content is 0.2% to 0.5%, it is not conducive to plant growth, and the salt content of many saline-alkali land in China is 0.6% to 1.0%. Therefore, studying the salt tolerance of garden plants has important practical significance for the greening of saline-alkali areas.
The salt-tolerant mechanism of garden plants The adaptability or resistance of garden plants to excessive soil salinity is called salt tolerance. There are two types of salt resistance mechanisms:
1. Avoid some plants in a way or way to avoid the danger of excessive salt. Some plants are small in permeability and can prevent the outside salt from entering the plant, thus avoiding the threat of salt. This permeability generally depends on the balance of monovalent cations (k+, na+, etc.) and divalent cations (ca2+, etc.). Some plants do not remain in the body after salt absorption, but are discharged through the secretory glands on the surface of the stems and leaves or transport them into the old leaves, and finally fall off. For example, Tamarix often retains some crystals of nacl on the surface of stems and leaves. Some plants dilute the salt by intracellular localization. For example, succulent plants can concentrate the salt on the vacuole, so that the water potential is reduced to ensure water absorption.
2. Salt Tolerance Some plants adapt or tolerate the salt that has entered the cell through physiology or metabolism. For example, green algae also increases the absorption of n while absorbing na+, thereby maintaining element balance. Some plants have a certain metabolic stability, such as sunflower can maintain photosynthetic phosphorylation at a high level under high concentration of nacl.
How to improve the salt resistance of plants Breeding salt-tolerant varieties and rationally planting salt-tolerant varieties, such as white peony, sand date, amorpha, carnation, rose, etc. High-performance salt-tolerant mutants were selected by high-tech such as tissue culture to cultivate new salt-tolerant varieties.
2. Perform salt-tolerant exercise to treat the seed with a concentration of solution before sowing. That is, the seed is soaked in water and then placed in a salt solution of a suitable concentration for a period of time, and the salt resistance thereof is remarkably improved.
3. The plant growth regulator is used to dilute the salt in the plant using a plant growth regulator to promote its growth. For example, spray with 5 mg / liter of iaa (indole acetic acid).
4. Renovate the saline-alkali soil for reasonable irrigation. According to the alkalinity of the water, neutralize the appropriate amount of aluminum sulfate or ferrous sulfate (ie black sorghum) with the alkali in the water to prepare neutral water. Add organic fertilizer: In the spring of the year before planting, first deepen the land and then apply the decomposed manure (0.8 to 1.5 kg/m2). I will loosen the soil every other month or so. After the rainy season in July and August, loosen the soil and fertilize once. In March and April of the next year, the alkali content in the soil was adsorbed by the humic acid in the fertilizer, and planting was beneficial to the growth of garden plants.
The salt-tolerant mechanism of garden plants The adaptability or resistance of garden plants to excessive soil salinity is called salt tolerance. There are two types of salt resistance mechanisms:
1. Avoid some plants in a way or way to avoid the danger of excessive salt. Some plants are small in permeability and can prevent the outside salt from entering the plant, thus avoiding the threat of salt. This permeability generally depends on the balance of monovalent cations (k+, na+, etc.) and divalent cations (ca2+, etc.). Some plants do not remain in the body after salt absorption, but are discharged through the secretory glands on the surface of the stems and leaves or transport them into the old leaves, and finally fall off. For example, Tamarix often retains some crystals of nacl on the surface of stems and leaves. Some plants dilute the salt by intracellular localization. For example, succulent plants can concentrate the salt on the vacuole, so that the water potential is reduced to ensure water absorption.
2. Salt Tolerance Some plants adapt or tolerate the salt that has entered the cell through physiology or metabolism. For example, green algae also increases the absorption of n while absorbing na+, thereby maintaining element balance. Some plants have a certain metabolic stability, such as sunflower can maintain photosynthetic phosphorylation at a high level under high concentration of nacl.
How to improve the salt resistance of plants Breeding salt-tolerant varieties and rationally planting salt-tolerant varieties, such as white peony, sand date, amorpha, carnation, rose, etc. High-performance salt-tolerant mutants were selected by high-tech such as tissue culture to cultivate new salt-tolerant varieties.
2. Perform salt-tolerant exercise to treat the seed with a concentration of solution before sowing. That is, the seed is soaked in water and then placed in a salt solution of a suitable concentration for a period of time, and the salt resistance thereof is remarkably improved.
3. The plant growth regulator is used to dilute the salt in the plant using a plant growth regulator to promote its growth. For example, spray with 5 mg / liter of iaa (indole acetic acid).
4. Renovate the saline-alkali soil for reasonable irrigation. According to the alkalinity of the water, neutralize the appropriate amount of aluminum sulfate or ferrous sulfate (ie black sorghum) with the alkali in the water to prepare neutral water. Add organic fertilizer: In the spring of the year before planting, first deepen the land and then apply the decomposed manure (0.8 to 1.5 kg/m2). I will loosen the soil every other month or so. After the rainy season in July and August, loosen the soil and fertilize once. In March and April of the next year, the alkali content in the soil was adsorbed by the humic acid in the fertilizer, and planting was beneficial to the growth of garden plants.
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